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Artikel-Nr: (ABFRLF-PA0132)

Lieferant: AbFrontier

Hersteller Artikel Nummer : LF-PA0132

Beschreibung: Cyclin-dependent kinase-5(CDK5) is a member of the cyclin-dependent kinase family of serine/threonine kinases. Its mRNA and protein are expressed in the kidneys, testes, and ovaries. And Its activity has been detected almost exclusively in brain extracts.
Similar to other Cdks, monomeric Cdk5 displays no enzymatic activity; however, Cdk5 is not activated by cyclins. Instead, Cdk5 activity requires association with one of two brain-specific regulatory subunits, called p35 and p39. These two activators regulate the spatial and temporal expression of active Cdk5, restricting its activity primarily to post-mitotic neurons.

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Artikel-Nr: (ABFRLF-MA0293)

Lieferant: AbFrontier

Hersteller Artikel Nummer : LF-MA0293

Beschreibung: The Smad family of proteins are functioning in the transmission of extracellular signals in the TGF-β signaling pathway. Binding of a TGF-β superfamily ligands to extracellular receptors triggers phosphorylation of Smad2 at a Serine-Serine-Methionine-Serine (SSMS) motif at its C-terminus. Phosphorylated Smad2 is then able to form a complex with Smad4. These complexes accumulate in the cell nucleus, where they are directly participating in the regulation of gene expression.
In mammals, eight Smad proteins have been identified to date. The Smad family of proteins can be divided into three functional groups: the receptor-activated Smads (R-Smads), common mediator Smads (Co-Smads), and the inhibitory Smads (I-Smads). The R-Smads are directly phosphorylated by the activated type I receptors on their C-terminal Ser-Ser-X-Ser (SSXS) motif and include Smad1, Smad2, Smad3, Smad5, and Smad8. Smad2 and Smad3 are phosphorylated in response to TGF-β and activin, whereas Smad1, Smad5, and Smad8 are phosphorylated in response to BMP (Bone Morphogenetic Protein). This C-terminal phosphorylation allows R-Smad binding to Co-Smad, Smad4, and translocation to the nucleus where they regulate TGF-β target genes. Smad6 and Smad7 belong to the I-Smad which bind to the type I receptor or Smad4 and block their interaction with R-Smads.

UOM: 1 * 0,1 mL

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Artikel-Nr: (ABFRLF-MA0288)

Lieferant: AbFrontier

Hersteller Artikel Nummer : LF-MA0288

Beschreibung: The RIP(receptor-interacting protein) family of serine/Threonine kinases(RIP-1,2,3,4,5,6,7) are crucial regulators of cell survival and cell death that can trigger pro-survival, inflammatory and immune responses via the activation of transcription factors(NF-kB and AP-1) and death-inducing programs.
RIP2(also known as RICK, CARDIAK, CCK and Ripk2) transduces signals from receptors of both immune responses. RIP2 carries a CARD at its C-terminal, which is essential for NF-kB activation. RIP2 is a critical downstream mediator of Nod1 and Nod2 signaling. Overexpression of RIP2 results in the activation of, in addition to NF-kB, the MAPKs JNK and ERK2, requiring its kinase activity to activate ERK2, but not JNK.

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Artikel-Nr: (ABFRLF-MA0281)

Lieferant: AbFrontier

Hersteller Artikel Nummer : LF-MA0281

Beschreibung: α-fetoprotein (AFP) is a glycoprotein of 590 amino acids containing 3.4% carbohydrate content with a molecular weight of 61,000 – 75,000 Da. AFP is normally produced in the developing embryo and fetus by the fetal yolk sac, the fetal gastrointestinal tract, and eventually by the fetal liver. In humans, AFP levels decrease gradually after birth, reaching adult levels by 8 to 12 months. Normal adult AFP levels are low and AFP has no known function in normal adults.
The biologic role of AFP has not been defined yet. Because of its biochemical similarity to albumin, it has been postulated that AFP could be a carrier protein. It may have an immunoregulatory function during pregnancy.
Increased serum levels are found in some tumors, such as hepatocellular
carcinoma (HCC), hepatoblastoma, and germ cell tumors. Although total AFP is a useful serological marker for diagnosis of HCC, the false-negative or positive rate with AFP level is very high. AFP-L3, an isoform of AFP which binds Lens culinaris agglutinin, can be particularly useful in early identification of aggressive tumors associated with HCC. AFP mRNA, the circulating genetic markers, also has been used in monitoring distal metastasis or postoperative recurrence of HCC.

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Artikel-Nr: (ABFRLF-PA0065)

Lieferant: AbFrontier

Hersteller Artikel Nummer : LF-PA0065

Beschreibung: STAT2 (Signal transducer and activator of transcription 2), 113kDa, is a member of the STAT family of cytoplasmic transcription factors. STAT members generally mediate cytokine, growth factor and hormone receptor signal transduction. STAT2 is a transcription factor critical to the signal transduction pathway of type I interferons (e.g. IFNα). STAT2 resides primarily in the cytoplasm and is tyrosine-phosphorylated after IFNα binds to cell surface receptors. In response to tyrosine phosphorylation STAT2 rapidly localizes to the nucleus and acquires the ability to bind specific DNA targets in association with two other proteins, STAT1 and IFN regulatory factor-9 (IRF-9). STAT2 is phosphorylated at Y689 by receptor-associated Janus kinasses (JAKs) leading to STAT2 dimerization and subsequent translocation to the nucleus to activate gene transcription.

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Artikel-Nr: (ABFRLF-PA0168)

Lieferant: AbFrontier

Hersteller Artikel Nummer : LF-PA0168

Beschreibung: Cyclins play a key role in the orderly progression of the cell division cycle through their timed expression and their ability to bind, activate and enhance substrate affinity of their associated cyclin-dependent protein kinases (CDKs). E-type cyclins (cyclin E1 and cyclin E2) are expressed during the late G1 phase of the cell cycle until the end of the S-phase. Cyclin E binds and activates the kinase Cdk2 and by phosphorylating its substrates, the cyclic/Cdk2 complexes initiate a cascade of events that leads to the expression of S-phase specific genes. Besides this specific function as a regulator of S-phase-entry, cyclin E plays a direct role in the initiation of DNA replication, the control of genomic stability, and the centrosome cycle.

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Artikel-Nr: (ABFRLF-PA0170)

Lieferant: AbFrontier

Hersteller Artikel Nummer : LF-PA0170

Beschreibung: NF-κB (Nuclear Factor kappa B) is a nuclear transcription factor found in all cell types and is involved in cellular responses to stimuli such as stress, cytokines, free radicals, ultraviolet irradiation, and bacterial or viral antigens. NF-κB plays a key role in regulating the immune response to infection. Consistent with this role, incorrect regulation of NF-κB has been linked to cancer, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, septic shock, viral infection and improper immune development. There are five members in the NF-κB family: NF-κB1, NF-κB2, RelA (also named p65), RelB, and c-Rel. The RelB protein is present in the cytosol, bound to p50 or p52 and an inhibitory IκB protein, forming an inactive trimeric complex. Following cell signalling events leading to IκB degradation, Rel/NFκ-B proteins are translocated to the nucleus where they regulate gene expression. The genes controlled by Rel/NF-κB family members are predominantly genes involved in the host response to infection, stress and injury. RelB mediates the regulation of genes involved in immune and inflammatory processes.

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Artikel-Nr: (ABFRLF-PA0010)

Lieferant: AbFrontier

Hersteller Artikel Nummer : LF-PA0010

Beschreibung: Anti-Peroxiredoxin 5 Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody

UOM: 1 * 100 µl

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Artikel-Nr: (ABFRLF-MA0100)

Lieferant: AbFrontier

Hersteller Artikel Nummer : LF-MA0100

Beschreibung: Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GAPDH) is a catalytic enzyme commonly known to be involved in glycolysis. The enzyme exists as a tetramer of identical 37-kDa subunits. GAPDH catalyzes the reversible reduction of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphophate in the presence of NADPH. Apart from playing a key role in glycolysis, this ubiquitously expressed enzyme also displays other activities unrelated to its glycolytic function. GAPDH is reported to be involved in the processes of DNA replication, DNA repair, nuclear RNA export, membrane fusion and microtubule bundling. Other studies also provide evidence of GAPDH playing an essential part of the program of gene expression observed in apoptosis and as part of the cellular phenotype of age-related neurodegenerative diseases. On recent study, GAPDH has identified of the most oxidant sensitive cell proteins.

UOM: 1 * 0,1 mL

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Artikel-Nr: (ABFRLF-MA0050)

Lieferant: AbFrontier

Hersteller Artikel Nummer : LF-MA0050

Beschreibung: The mammalian Phospholipase C(PLC) family has two closely related proteins, PLC1 and PLC2. The PLC isozymes have the core structure domains and a unique array of domains containing an additional PH domain, two SH2 domains and one SH3 domain. In response to extracellular stimuli, such as hormones and growth factors, receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) phosphorylate and activate PLC. Activated PLC catalyzes hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) to produce the metabolic second messenger molecules inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG).

UOM: 1 * 0,1 mL

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Artikel-Nr: (ABFRLF-MA0063)

Lieferant: AbFrontier

Hersteller Artikel Nummer : LF-MA0063

Beschreibung: Amphiphysins, members of the BAR (Bin-Amphiphysin-Rvsp) protein super family, play a key role in clathrin-mediated endocytosis of synaptic vesicles (SVs). All members of the BAR family share a highly conserved N-terminal BAR domain and a C-terminal Src homology (SH3) domain. Two isoforms of amphiphysin have been identified and act in concert as a heterodimer. Amphiphysins interact via its carboxy-terminal SH3 domain with dynamin, synaptojanin and clathrin. These complexes are implicated in synaptic vesicle recycling at nerve terminal.  Amphiphysins were also identified as the dominant autoantigen in paraneoplastic Stiff-Man Syndrome.

UOM: 1 * 0,1 mL

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Artikel-Nr: (ABFRLF-MA0074)

Lieferant: AbFrontier

Hersteller Artikel Nummer : LF-MA0074

Beschreibung: 14-3-3, a family of acidic and soluble proteins, highly conserved in amino acid sequences from yeast to mammals, is expressed in all eukaryotic cells. Seven isoforms(β, γ, ε, η, ζ, σ and τ/θ) encoded by seven distinct genes are identified in mammals and forms homo- and hetero- dimeric cup-shaped structures. As 14-3-3 is interacted with more than 100 binding partners, it regulates key proteins involved in various biological processes such as signal trans-duction, cell cycle, transcriptional control, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and ion channel physiology. Most 14-3-3 requires phosphorylation of serine or threonine residues in the target sequence. This protein is abundantly expressed in the brain and has been detected in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with different neurological disorders.

UOM: 1 * 0,1 mL

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Artikel-Nr: (ABFRLF-PA0199)

Lieferant: AbFrontier

Hersteller Artikel Nummer : LF-PA0199

Beschreibung: ERK1 and ERK2 are widely expressed and are involved in the regulation of meiosis, mitosis, and postmitotic functions in differentiated cells.
Many different stimuli, including growth factors, cytokines, virus infection, ligands for heterotrimeric guanine nucleotidebinding protein (G protein)-coupled receptors and transforming agents, activate the ERK1 and ERK2 pathways. When growth factors bind to the receptor tyrosine kinase, Ras interacts with Raf, the serine/threonine protein kinase and activates it as well. Once actived, Raf phosphorylates serine residue in 2 further kinases, MEK1/2, which in turn phosphorylates tyrosine/threonine in extracellular-signal regulated kinase(ERK) 1/2. Upon activation, the ERKs either phosphorylate a number of cytoplasmic targets or migrate to the nucleus, where they phosphorylate and activate a number of transcription factors such as c-Fos and Elk-1.

UOM: 1 * 0,1 mL

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Artikel-Nr: (ABFRLF-MA0302)

Lieferant: AbFrontier

Hersteller Artikel Nummer : LF-MA0302

Beschreibung: There are ten mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphatases (MKPs) that act as negative regulators of MAPK activity in mammalian cells.
MKP2(DUSP4) is a dual threonine/tyrosine phosphatase that specifically dephosphorylates and inactivates MAPKs(ERK, JNK, p38). It contains one Rhodanese domain and one tyrosine-protein phosphatase domain.
MKP2 is expressed in a variety of tissues, and is localized in the nucleus.
Transcription factor E2F-1 acts as a transcriptional regulator of MKP2. E2F-1/MKP2 pathway mediates apoptosis under oxidative stress and that MKP2 suppresses tumor formation.
MKP2 is a novel transcription target of p53 in mediating apoptosis by 10-bp palindrome motif (CTGGCGCCAG) in the MKP2 promoter.

UOM: 1 * 0,1 mL

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Artikel-Nr: (ABFRLF-MA0370)

Lieferant: AbFrontier

Hersteller Artikel Nummer : LF-MA0370

Beschreibung: Dual specificity phosphatase 13(Also known as BEDP; MDSP; TMDP; SKRP4; DUSP13A; DUSP13B) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the DUSP13 gene.[1]
Members of the protein tyrosine phosphatase superfamily cooperate with protein kinases to regulate cell proliferation and differentiation. This superfamily is separated into two families based on the substrate that is dephosphorylated. One family, the dual specificity phosphatases (DSPs) acts on both phosphotyrosine and phosphoserine/threonine residues. This gene encodes different but related DSP proteins through the use of non-overlapping open reading frames, alternate splicing, and presumed different transcription promoters. Expression of the distinct proteins from this gene has been found to be tissue specific and the proteins may be involved in postnatal development of specific tissues. A protein encoded by the upstream ORF was found in skeletal muscle, whereas the encoded protein from the downstream ORF was found only in testis. In mouse, a similar pattern of expression was found. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants were described, but the full-length sequence of only some were determined.[1]

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Artikel-Nr: (ABFRLF-MA0204)

Lieferant: AbFrontier

Hersteller Artikel Nummer : LF-MA0204

Beschreibung: Kininogens are precursors for kinin, and the two main types of them are high-molecular weight kininogen (HMWK) and low-molecular weight kininogen (LMWK). HMWK also known as the Williams-Fitzgerald-Flaujeac factor is a protein from the blood coagulation system as well as the kinin-kallikrein system. It acts mainly as a cofactor on coagulation and inflammation, and has no intrinsic catalytic activity. LMWK is produced locally by numerous tissues, and secreted together with tissue kallikrein.
Kininogens are synthesized in the liver and circulate in the plasma and other body fluids.
The kinins are pharmacologically active polypeptides released in the tissues and body fluids as a result of the enzymatic action of kallikreins on kininogens. The kinin family includes bradykinin (BK) (Arg-Pro-Pro-gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg), kallidin (Lys-Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg) and methionyl-lysyl-BK (Met-Lys-Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Arg). Kallidin and methionyl-lysyl-BK are converted into BK by aminopeptidases present in plasma and urine. Active tissue kallikrein acts on LMWK to release kallidin. The plasma kallikrein is found in circulation in an inactive form, which is known as prekallikrein or Fletcher factor.
BK and kallidin act through activation of G-protein-coupled constitutive B(2) or inducible kinin B(1) receptors linked to signaling pathways involving increased intracellular Ca concentrations and/or release of mediators including arachidonic acid metabolites, NO and EDHF (Endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor). In the cardiovascular system, the kallikrein-kinin system exerts a fine control of vascular smooth muscle tone and arterial blood pressure, and plays a significant cardioprotective effect.

UOM: 1 * 0,1 mL

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