Sie suchten nach: AbFrontier

Artikel-Nr: (ABFRLF-PA0190)

Lieferant: AbFrontier

Hersteller Artikel Nummer : LF-PA0190

Beschreibung: Ubiquitin+1(Ub+1) is a novel mutant form of ubiquitin that can be produced through a process known as molecular frame shift. Ub+1 can be polyubiquitinated to produce aberrant polyubiquitin chains that inhibit the 26S proteasome. Especially ub+1 is accumulated in aggregates containing amyloid-β and phosphorylated-tau. Elevated expression of Ub+1 mRNA and protein has been observed in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Also Ub+1 acts as an aggravating factor in polyglutamine-induced neurodegeneration.

UOM: 1 * 0,1 mL

Sale

Artikel-Nr: (ABFRLF-PA0178)

Lieferant: AbFrontier

Hersteller Artikel Nummer : LF-PA0178

Beschreibung: Bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma 2) family govern mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) and can be either pro-apoptotic (Bax, BAD, Bak and Bok) or anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and Bcl-w). The mitochondrial release of cytochrome c through anion channel is regulated by Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL. The Bcl-2 family of proteins are key regulators of many signals leading to caspase, which when activated cause cellular destruction by cleaving a range of vital cellular substrates.
The members of the Bcl-2 family share one or more of the four characteristic domains of homology entitled the Bcl-2 homology (BH) domains (named BH1, BH2, BH3 and BH4).
The Bcl-2 gene has been implicated in a number of cancers, including melanoma, breast, prostate, and lung carcinomas, as well as schizophrenia and autoimmunity. It is also thought to be involved in resistance to conventional cancer treatment.
Apoptosis is an important component of the sequence of events during which anticancer drugs induce an antitumor response. The molecular mechanism for drug-induced apoptosis is associated with a mitochondrial dysfunction that is characterized by an increase in MOMP and a release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, indicating that Bcl-2 plays a critical role in anticancer drug-induced apoptosis.

UOM: 1 * 0,1 mL

Sale

Lieferant: AbFrontier

Beschreibung: Actin is an abundant cytoskeletal protein found in all mammalian cells. Six distinct actin isotypes have been identified in mammalian cells. Each is encoded by a separated gene and is expressed in a developmentally regulated and tissue-specific manner. α and β-cytoplasmic actins are expressed in a wide variety of cells. Whereas, expression of α-skeletal, α-cardiac, α-vascular and γ-enteric actins
are more restricted to specialized muscle cell type. Actin's filaments form part of the cytoskeleton and play essential roles in regulating cell shape and movement.

Artikel-Nr: (ABFRLF-PA0218)

Lieferant: AbFrontier

Hersteller Artikel Nummer : LF-PA0218

Beschreibung: Catalase is a homotetrameric heme-containing enzyme present within the matrix of all peroxisomes. It carries out a dismutation reaction in which hydrogen peroxide is converted to water and oxygen. Human catalase has the last four amino acids (-KANL) at the extreme C-terminus for peroxisome targeting. The monomer of human catalase is 61.3 kD in molecular size. Catalase has been implicated as an important factor in inflammation, mutagenesis, prevention of apoptosis, and stimulation of a wide spectrum of tumors. Loss of catalase leads to the human genetic disease, acatalasemia, or Takahara’s disease (1).

UOM: 1 * 0,1 mL

Sale

Artikel-Nr: (ABFRLF-PA0186)

Lieferant: AbFrontier

Hersteller Artikel Nummer : LF-PA0186

Beschreibung: The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase of the ErbB (also known as HER) family in which four members have been identified: EGFR (ErbB1), HER2/Neu (ErbB2), HER3 (ErbB3), and HER4 (ErbB4). All four erbB receptors are composed of an extracellular ligand-binding region consisting of glycosylated domains, a transmembrane domain containing a single hydrophobic anchor sequence, an intracellular region containing the catalytic tyrosine kinase domain, and a carboxyl-terminal region containing several tyrosine residues that become phosphorylated after receptor activation.
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway is one of the most important pathways that regulate growth, survival, proliferation, and differentiation in mammalian cells. EGFR and other members of the erbB family form either homodimers or heterodimers upon ligand binding, resulting in conformational changes that allow activation of protein kinases and transphosphorylation of key tyrosine residues within the carboxyl-terminal domain. After the induction of tyrosine phosphorylation, some signaling pathways appear to start with the recognition of the C-terminal phosphotyrosines by appropriate adaptor or signaling molecules.
The aberrant activation of the EGFR leads to enhanced proliferation and other tumor-promoting activities. Several mechanisms lead to aberrant receptor activation, including receptor overexpression, gene amplification, activating mutations, overexpression of receptor ligands, and/or loss of their negative regulatory mechanisms.
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been extensively investigated as a target for anti-neoplastic therapy. Anti-EGFR antibodies that interfere with ligand-dependent receptor activation have shown clinical activity in a variety of solid tumors.

UOM: 1 * 0,1 mL

Sale

Artikel-Nr: (ABFRLF-MA0188)

Lieferant: AbFrontier

Hersteller Artikel Nummer : LF-MA0188

Beschreibung: The complement system is a part of the larger immune system and three biochemical pathways are present: the classical complement pathway, the alternative pathway, and the mannose-binding lectin pathway.
Complement component C4 is an essential component of humoral immune response. In its activated form, C4b becomes a subunit of the C3 convertase, which is an enzymatic complex that activates C3 of the classical and lectin complement activation pathways. The classical pathway is initiated by the activation of the C1-complex (C1q, C1r and C1s) by C1q's binding to antibody-antigen. The C1-complex now binds to and splits C2 and C4 producing C2a and C4b. C4b and C2a bind to form C3-convertase. Production of C3-convertase leads to cleavage of C3 into C3a and C3b and C3b joins with the C3 convertase to make C5 convertase.
Human C4 is the most polymorphic protein of the complement system. Complement C4 exists as two isotypes, C4A (acidic) and C4B (basic). Although the sequence identity is very high, they have different hemolytic activities, covalent affinities to antigens and immune complexes, and serological reactivities. Each C4 contains β chain, α chain, C4a anaphyltoxin, C4b, and γ chain.
C4-deficient mice shows incomplete clearance of microbial attack and C4-deficiency in human shows increased autoimmune diseases.

UOM: 1 * 0,1 mL

Sale

Artikel-Nr: (ABFRLF-MA0185)

Lieferant: AbFrontier

Hersteller Artikel Nummer : LF-MA0185

Beschreibung: α-1-B glycoprotein (A1BG) which is a plasma protein with no known function belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. Although the human A1BG has been known for four decades, and the information about the amino acid sequence, chromosomal assignment, and even genetic polymorphism in different populations have been known, no biological function has been suggested. A1BG (Mr approximately equal to 63,000) consists of one polypeptide chain of 474 amino acids with four glucosamine oligosaccharides. The polypeptide has five intrachain disulfide bonds and consists of five repeating structural domains, each containing about 95 amino acids and one disulfide bond.
Recently human cyctein-rich secretory protein 3 (CRISP-3) has been found to be a binding partner of A1B, suggesting the A1BG-CRISP-3 complex displays a protecting function from a potentially harmful effect of free CRISP-3 in circulation.

UOM: 1 * 0,1 mL

Sale

Artikel-Nr: (ABFRLF-MA0108)

Lieferant: AbFrontier

Hersteller Artikel Nummer : LF-MA0108

Beschreibung: Fibrinogen is a soluble glycoprotein found in the plasma, with a molecular weight of 340kDa. It comprises of three pairs of non-identical polypeptide chains (α, 63.5kDa β, 56kDa, and γ, 47kDa chains) linked to each other by disulphide bonds. Low plasma fibrinogen concentrations are therefore associated with an increased risk of bleeding due to impaired primary and secondary hemostasis. Therefore Fibrinogen is an essential component of the blood coagulation system. Also it may play key roles in the process of atherosclerotic lesion formation, with subsequent effects on cardiovascular diseases. And increasing evidence from epidemiological studies suggests that elevated plasma fibrinogen levels are associated with an increased risk of ischaemic heart disease(IHD), stroke and other thromboembolism.

UOM: 1 * 0,1 mL

Sale

Artikel-Nr: (ABFRLF-MA0260)

Lieferant: AbFrontier

Hersteller Artikel Nummer : LF-MA0260

Beschreibung: Sequential activation of protein kinases within the MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinases) cascades is a common mechanism of signal transduction in many cellular processes. The ERK signaling cascade is a central MAPK pathway that plays a role in the regulation of various cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, development, learning, and survival. Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases (MAPKK) phosphorylate MAPK. MEK (MAP kinase or ERK kinase) is the immediate upstream activator kinase of ERK.
The human MEK3 encodes 347 amino acid residues. MEKs (MEK1, MEK2, MEK3) show remarkably different activity toward ERKl and ERK2. MEK2 is the most active ERK activator. MEK3 is inactive toward ERKl or ERK2. MEK3, MEK4, and MEK6 phosphorylate and activate p38 MAP kinase. The p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase signal transduction pathway is activated by proinflammatory cytokines and environmental stress. Transcription factors such as ATF2 and Elk-1 are targets of the p38 MAP kinase signal transduction pathway.

UOM: 1 * 0,1 mL

Sale

Artikel-Nr: (ABFRLF-MA0262)

Lieferant: AbFrontier

Hersteller Artikel Nummer : LF-MA0262

Beschreibung: The Smad family of proteins are functioning in the transmission of extracellular signals in the TGF-β signaling pathway. Binding of a TGF-β superfamily ligands to extracellular receptors triggers phosphorylation of Smad2 at a Serine-Serine-Methionine-Serine (SSMS) motif at its C-terminus. Phosphorylated Smad2 is then able to form a complex with Smad4. These complexes accumulate in the cell nucleus, where they are directly participating in the regulation of gene expression.
In mammals, eight Smad proteins have been identified to date. The Smad family of proteins can be divided into three functional groups: the receptor-activated Smads (R-Smads), common mediator Smads (Co-Smads), and the inhibitory Smads (I-Smads). The R-Smads are directly phosphorylated by the activated type I receptors on their C-terminal Ser-Ser-X-Ser (SSXS) motif and include Smad1, Smad2, Smad3, Smad5, and Smad8. Smad2 and Smad3 are phosphorylated in response to TGF-β and activin, whereas Smad1, Smad5, and Smad8 are phosphorylated in response to BMP (Bone Morphogenetic Protein). This C-terminal phosphorylation allows R-Smad binding to Co-Smad, Smad4, and translocation to the nucleus where they regulate TGF-β target genes. Smad6 and Smad7 belong to the I-Smad which bind to the type I receptor or Smad4 and block their interaction with R-Smads.
The Smads share sequence similarities, most notably in the N-terminal and carboxy-terminal regions, referred to as the MH1 (Mad Homology 1) and MH2 domains respectively. Smad2 and Smad3 have 66% amino acid sequence identity between their MH1 domains and 96% amino acid sequence identity between their MH2 domains.

UOM: 1 * 0,1 mL

Sale

Artikel-Nr: (ABFRLF-MA0247)

Lieferant: AbFrontier

Hersteller Artikel Nummer : LF-MA0247

Beschreibung: Cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) has essential roles in the cell-division cycle as a CDK-activating kinase (CAK) and in the transcription as a component of the general transcription factor TFIIH.
This protein forms a trimeric complex with cyclin H and MAT1, which functions as a Cdk-activating kinase (CAK), phosphorylating cell-cycle CDKs. It is also an essential component of the transcription factor TFIIH, which phosphorylates the C-terminal domain (CTD) of the largest subunit of Pol II. This protein is thought to serve as a direct link between the regulation of transcription and the cell cycle.
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) shows a very unusual cell cycle structure, characterized by a short G1 phase and a high proportion of cells in S-phase. This is associated with a unique mechanism of cell cycle regulation by the activity of cyclin dependent protein kinase (Cdk). The unique cell cycle structure and mechanism of cell cycle control indicates that the cell cycle machinery plays a role in establishment or maintenance of the stem cell state.

UOM: 1 * 0,1 mL

Sale

Artikel-Nr: (ABFRLF-MA0054)

Lieferant: AbFrontier

Hersteller Artikel Nummer : LF-MA0054

Beschreibung: The mammalian thioredoxin reductases (TrxRs) are a family of selenocysteine-containing pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxido-reductases. All the mammalian TrxRs are homologous to glutathione reductase with respect to primary structure including the conserved redox catalytic site (-Cys-Val-Asn-Val-Gly-Cys-) but distinctively with a C-terminal extension containing a catalytically active penultimate selenocysteine (SeCys) residue in the conserved sequence(-Gly-Cys-SeCys-Gly). TrxR is homodimeric protein in which each monomer includes an FAD prosthetic group, a NADPH binding site and a redox catalytic site. Electrons are transferred from NADPH via FAD and the active-site disulfide to C-terminal SeCys-containing redox center, which then reduces the substrate like thioredoxin. The members of TrxR family are 55 – 58 kilodalton in molecular size and composed of three isoforms including cytosolic TrxR1, mitochondrial TrxR2, and TrxR3, known as Trx and GSSG reductase (TGR). TrxR plays a key role in protection of cells against oxidative stress and redox-regulatory mechanism of transcription factors and various biological phenomena (1).

UOM: 1 * 0,1 mL

Sale

Artikel-Nr: (ABFRLF-MA0270)

Lieferant: AbFrontier

Hersteller Artikel Nummer : LF-MA0270

Beschreibung: Focal adhesion kinase subfamily consists of the non-receptor proline-rich protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs). Two members of the family are focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (PYK2). These two kinases have molecular mass between 110-125 kDa and are closely related in their structure. The presence of two proline-rich motifs within the C-terminal domains is conserved.
FAK is a nonreceptor and nonmembrane associated PTK which does not contain Src homology 2 (SH2) or SH3 protein interaction domains. The centrally located kinase domain of FAK is flanked by large N- and C-terminal noncatalytic domains.
FAK links integrin receptors to intracellular signaling pathways that are important for cell growth, survival, and migration. Integrin receptor engagement with ligands such as fibronectin can stimulate FAK autophosphorylation which enables FAK to function within a network of integrin-stimulated signaling pathways leading to the activation of targets such as the ERK and JNK/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. Recent study reveals that FAK is essential for angiogenesis in the embryo, functions in heart development and modulates the response of cardiomyocytes to pressure overload in adult mice.

UOM: 1 * 0,1 mL

Sale

Artikel-Nr: (ABFRLF-MA0101)

Lieferant: AbFrontier

Hersteller Artikel Nummer : LF-MA0101

Beschreibung: The Heat shock protein 70(HSP70) family was found in many intracellular compartments. Members of this protein occur in chloroplasts, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and cytosol. These proteins are induced by a variety of biological stresses, including heat stress, in every organism. HSP70 serves a variety of roles: 1) It acts as molecular chaperones facilitating the assembly of multi-protein complexes, 2) It participates in the translocation of polypeptides across cell membranes and to the nucleus 3) It aids in the proper folding of nascent polypeptide chains. HSP70 is mitochondrial import machinery and plays key roles in the cytosolic endoplasmic reticulum. Recently, extracellular localized HSP have been found to play key roles in the induction of a cellular immune response.

UOM: 1 * 0,1 mL

Sale

Artikel-Nr: (ABFRLF-MA0334)

Lieferant: AbFrontier

Hersteller Artikel Nummer : LF-MA0334

Beschreibung: Dual specificity phosphatase(DUSP) inactivate their target kinases by dephosphorylating both the phosphoserine/threonine and phosphotyrosine residues. DUSPs can be divided into six subgroups on the basis of sequence similarity(PRLs, Cdc14 phosphatases, PTENs, myotubularins, MKPs, atypical DUSPs). DUSP inhibitors might be used to manipulate MAPK and cellular responses in both positive and negative ways. The regulated expression and activity of DUSP family members in different cells and tissues controls MAPK intensity and duration to determine the type of physiological response.
DUSP12(YVH1, GKAP) contains the consensus DUSP catalytic domain as well as an extended C-terminal domain of unknown function, thought to be related to its potential role in glucokinase regulation. It is localized in the cytoplasm and nucleus.

UOM: 1 * 0,1 mL

Sale

Artikel-Nr: (ABFRLF-MA0338)

Lieferant: AbFrontier

Hersteller Artikel Nummer : LF-MA0338

Beschreibung: Protein-tyrosine phosphatase 14 (PTPN14/PTPD2/PEZ) is a 130kDa multidomain cytosolic protein, and belongs to the NT6 subtype of PTPs.
It is characterized by an N-terminal FERM domain (Band 4.1, ezrin, radixin, moesin homology) and a C-terminal PTP domain. Pez(Phosphatase with ezrin domain) may play a role in regulating endothelial cell proliferation during vascular injury and angiogenesis. B-Catenin, a central component of adherens junctions, has been identified as a PTPN14 substrate. TGF, which inhibits cell proliferation but not migration, also inhibits translocation of PTPN14 from the cytosol to the nucleus.

UOM: 1 * 0,1 mL

Sale